Pilot Problem: Proof of a theorem by Nicomachus

The following is my solution to the following exercise from The Art of Computer Programming, Volume 1, Donald Knuth.

Chapter: 1.2.1 (Mathematical Induction)
Problem: 8

Statement:
Prove the following theorem of Nicomachus (A.D. c. 100) by induction:
1^{3} = 1
2^{3} = 3 + 5
3^{3} = 7 + 9 + 11
4^{3} = 13 + 15 + 17 + 19

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